Quadratic Formula Calculator

Solve quadratic equations using the quadratic formula. Find roots, vertex, and axis of symmetry.

A quadratic equation calculator finds the roots of ax² + bx + c = 0 using the quadratic formula, including complex roots.

Enter the coefficients a, b, and c for the equation ax² + bx + c = 0. The calculator will find the roots using the quadratic formula, determine the discriminant, vertex, and axis of symmetry.

Examples

Two real roots

x² - 5x + 6 = 0: Δ = 25-24 = 1 > 0, roots are x = 2 and x = 3

Repeated root

x² - 4x + 4 = 0: Δ = 16-16 = 0, root is x = 2 (repeated)

Complex roots

x² + x + 1 = 0: Δ = 1-4 = -3 < 0, roots are complex: -0.5 ± 0.866i

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the discriminant tell us?
If Δ > 0, there are two distinct real roots. If Δ = 0, there is one repeated root. If Δ < 0, there are two complex conjugate roots.
What is the vertex of a parabola?
The vertex is the highest or lowest point of the parabola y = ax² + bx + c. It occurs at x = -b/(2a) with y = a(-b/(2a))² + b(-b/(2a)) + c.
What is the axis of symmetry?
The axis of symmetry is a vertical line x = -b/(2a) that divides the parabola into two mirror images.
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Quick Tips

  • Double-check your inputs — small errors lead to incorrect results.
  • Check the discriminant first to know whether roots are real, repeated, or complex.
  • Use decimal form for fractions when entering values.

A quadratic equation calculator finds the roots of ax² + bx + c = 0 using the quadratic formula, including complex roots.

How to Use This Calculator

Enter the coefficients a, b, and c for the equation ax² + bx + c = 0. The calculator will find the roots using the quadratic formula, determine the discriminant, vertex, and axis of symmetry.

Understanding the Formula

x = (-b ± √(b² - 4ac)) / 2a. The discriminant Δ = b² - 4ac determines the nature of the roots.

Examples

Two real roots

x² - 5x + 6 = 0: Δ = 25-24 = 1 > 0, roots are x = 2 and x = 3

Repeated root

x² - 4x + 4 = 0: Δ = 16-16 = 0, root is x = 2 (repeated)

Complex roots

x² + x + 1 = 0: Δ = 1-4 = -3 < 0, roots are complex: -0.5 ± 0.866i

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the discriminant tell us?

If Δ > 0, there are two distinct real roots. If Δ = 0, there is one repeated root. If Δ < 0, there are two complex conjugate roots.

What is the vertex of a parabola?

The vertex is the highest or lowest point of the parabola y = ax² + bx + c. It occurs at x = -b/(2a) with y = a(-b/(2a))² + b(-b/(2a)) + c.

What is the axis of symmetry?

The axis of symmetry is a vertical line x = -b/(2a) that divides the parabola into two mirror images.

Assumptions & Limitations

  • Assumes the coefficient a is not zero; otherwise the equation is linear.
  • Assumes exact input values; rounding in inputs propagates to results.
  • Results may show floating-point approximations for irrational numbers.